The Threat of WUI Fires and How to Prevent Them

As communities expand near forests, grasslands, and other natural areas, wildland fires–also known as wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires–are becoming more frequent and difficult to manage. Data from the 2024 ESO Fire Service Index , which analyzed over 6.5 million incidents from 2023, shows that fire departments responded to more than 82,000 outdoor fire incidents, burning over 237,000 acres. Most of these fires occurred during the summer months, when dry conditions made them more likely to spread.

To protect communities effectively, fire departments need to prepare in advance, respond quickly, and educate the public on fire safety.

Key Takeaways on Wildland Fires

Human activity, such as unauthorized burns, remains a common cause for wildland fires, but many incidents lacked clear documentation, making prevention efforts more difficult. Here are some important takeways from the 2024 ESO Fire Service:

• Unauthorized burns were responsible for nearly a third of wildland fires, with about 25,000 incidents reported.
• Brush and grass fires together accounted for almost 31,000 incidents, showing how quickly these fires can spread in open areas.
• While many causes remain undocumented (58%) or undetermined (21%), known causes include debris burning, equipment use, and natural events.
• Human-related activities like open burns and misuse of fire are recurring contributors to outdoor fires.

Steps Departments Can Take

Fire departments can reduce fire risks and improve response by focusing on preparation, training, and prevention. Practical steps include:

• Work with landowners to set up early detection tools to identify fires quickly.
• Train crews with programs like S190/130 and provide the right gear for wildland firefighting.
• Develop response plans for high-risk areas, including evacuation routes and staging locations.
• Promote safe burning practices with fire breaks, permits, and public education to prevent unauthorized burns.

Get the Full Insights in the 2024 ESO Fire Service Index

These takeaways represent just a portion of the insights available in the 2024 ESO Fire Service Index. The Index provides a closer look into  fire trends and benchmarks to help departments improve response strategies.

Read the full 2024 ESO Fire Service Index here to explore the data and learn how your department can stay prepared and keep your community safe.